French Phrases: Basic food terms in French

April 29, 2011

Below are the names of categories of food in French, along with the French names of the main types of meat, fish and seafood. The French names of fruit and vegetables are listed on the next page.

Types of food in French

These are very generic food terms. For names of specific meats, vegetables etc in French, see below.
de la viande dla vjɑ̃d meat
du poisson dy pwasõ fish
des légumes de legym vegetables
un fruit æ̃ fʁɥi some fruit, a piece of fruit
des fruits de mer de fʁɥid mɛʁ seafood
du pain dy pæ̃ bread
des pommes de terre de pɔm də tɛʁ potatoes
de la soupe yn sup soup
du potage dy potaʒ (thin) soup
du fromage dy fʁɔmaʒ cheese
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Names of specific meats and fish in French
These names of specific foods in French are all prefixed by du, de la or des, the appropriate word for ‘some’ in French1.
Types of meat in French
de l’agneau də lanjo lamb
du bifteck dy biftɛk steak
du boeuf dy bœf beef
du canard dy kanaʁ duck
du chevreuil dy ʃəvʁœj venison
des cuisses de grenouille de kɥiz də gʁənuj frogs’ legs
de la dinde də la dæ̃d turkey
des escargots de zɛskaʁgo snails
du jambon dy ʒɑ̃bõ ham
du lapin dy lapæ̃ rabbit
du porc dy pɔʁ pork
de la poule də la pul hen (served in soups)
du poulet dy pule chicken
des saucisses de sosis sausages
du veau dy vo veal
de la volaille də la volaj poultry
Pronounce these words
Suggest a change / proposez une modification
Types of fish in French
du cabillaud dy kabijo (fresh) cod
du haddock dy adɔk smoked haddock
du hareng dy aʁɑ̃ herring
du maquereau dy makʁo mackerel
de la morue də la mɔʁy cod
des sardines de saʁdin sardines
du saumon dy somõ salmon
du thon dy tõ tuna
de la truite də la tʁɥit trout
Pronounce these words
Suggest a change / proposez une modification
Other seafood
araignée de mer aʁenjed mɛʁ spider crab
du calmar dy kalmaʁ squid
des coquilles Saint-Jacques de kɔkijsæ̃ʒak scallops
du crabe dy kʁab crab
des crevettes de cʁəvɛt prawns
des crevettes grises de cʁəvɛt gʁiz shrimps
des écrevisses dez ekʁəvis crayfish
du homard dy omaʁ lobster
des huîtres de zɥitʁ oysters
des langoustines de lɑ̃gustin scampi
des moules de mul mussels
…marinière maʁinjɛʁ …in white wine sauce
des moules-frites de mulfʁit mussels and chips (common especially in Belgium)
du poulpe dy pulp octopus
Pronounce these words
Notes:
1. To say ‘the’ instead of ‘some’, replace du, de la and des with le, la and les respectively.

Source: http://www.french-linguistics.co.uk/phrase_book/en/food.html

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